What are key components of motivational interviewing?

Motivational interviewing is a client-centered counseling style aimed at eliciting behavior change by helping individuals explore and resolve ambivalence. The key components that characterize this approach include expressing empathy, rolling with resistance, and supporting self-efficacy.

Expressing empathy involves understanding and sharing the feelings of the client, which fosters a safe environment for open dialogue. This empathetic connection enhances the therapeutic alliance and encourages clients to articulate their thoughts and feelings more freely.

Rolling with resistance is about recognizing and accepting that resistance can occur in the change process. Rather than confronting resistance directly, a skilled practitioner uses it as an opportunity to understand the client's perspective and to explore their ambivalence toward change. This approach diminishes defensiveness and allows for a more productive conversation.

Supporting self-efficacy is crucial in motivational interviewing as it helps clients believe in their ability to make changes. Reinforcing a client’s belief in their capacity to succeed can motivate them to take actionable steps towards their goals.

In contrast, options that emphasize direct confrontation, directive guidance, suggesting solutions, or providing advice do not align with the principles of motivational interviewing, which focus more on collaboration, understanding, and empowerment rather than authority or unsolicited advice.